{"id":4165,"date":"2023-07-19T18:02:56","date_gmt":"2023-07-19T15:02:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/subulmagazine.com\/?p=4165"},"modified":"2023-07-19T18:02:56","modified_gmt":"2023-07-19T15:02:56","slug":"%d8%a3%d8%b2%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%b7%d9%86%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a5%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/subulmagazine.com\/?p=4165","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627: \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1959\u061b \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0651\u064e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a (\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629) \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1953\u061b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627 (\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627) \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f (\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1972\u061b \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0651\u064e\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1952\u061b \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0651\u064e\u062a \u0625\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0651\u064e\u0633\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1961\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062c\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n

\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u064f\u0645 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1977\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 1953 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1963\u061b \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0641\u0634\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627.[2]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u061b \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u062c\u0623\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u062c\u0623\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u0650\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f. <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u062d\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629.[3]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0636\u062d\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0623\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064d \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0648\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 1956\u060c \u0648\u0646\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 1963\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 1975\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 1995\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 2011\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0644 2012.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0642\u0651\u064e\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627: \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627\u061b \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644: \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645.<\/p>\n

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\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u061b \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n

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\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064f\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064f\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/h2>\n

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\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u061b \u062a\u0645\u0651\u064e \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n

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 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/h2>\n

[1]<\/a> \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0622\u062f\u0645\u060c “\u0625\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629”\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c 13\/12\/2020\u060c \u0634\u064f\u0648\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a 15\/2\/2022\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: https:\/\/cutt.us\/iTnqN.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> Eghosa Osaghae, “Federalism and the Management of Diversity in Africa”, Identity,<\/strong> Vol. 5, No. 1, (2004), Pp. 162-178.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> \u062f. \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0632\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u060c \u06371\u060c 2010)\u060c \u0635. 39.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c “\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627.. \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0630\u0648 \u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646 (\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631)”\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0648\u0644\u060c 20\/12\/2016\u060c \u0634\u064f\u0648\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a 1\/4\/2021\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: https:\/\/cutt.us\/wTtpI<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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